Electric heater



(No Model.)

T. E. MGRIURD. ELECTRIC HEATER.

10.490.034I Patented Jan. 17,1893.

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@vih/Lewes Snom/woz UNITED STATES PATENT 'rnoMAs n. Monreal), oF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, AssIGNoRoF ons IIALF, nv Dmnc'r AND MnsNE AssIeNMnNjrs, rro 'rI-InnNAMnI. INsU- LATOR CK'SMIANY, OF ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 490,034, dated J anuary 1 '.7, 1893. i Application filed December 19, 189th).I Serial No. 375,175. (No model.)

nection with devices that are to be heated by f means of. an electric current. It will'be apparent, however, that like means of insulation of electric conductors may be used in connection with devices other than such as are required to be heated to perform their functions.

The invention, stated generally, consists in embedding electric conductors in an enamel of insulating materialthat is made to adhere to the device that is to be heated by or otherwise used in connection with 'an electric cur- 'rent and whichserves to insulate the conductors while connecting them to the device.

For the purpose of illustrating theapplication of my invention I have shown, in the accompanying drawings, in Figure 1, a vertical longitudinal'section (onthe line of Fig. 2) of a sad-iron provided with an electricconductor` or resistance` as it is ommonly termedfinsulated according to my improvements; andin Fig. 2 a plan view of the lower portion of the sad-iron on the plane of the line y-y of Fig. 1. l

In such drawings ldesignates the metal base, or portion of the sad-iron which comes in contact with the clothes or articles to -be smoothed. On the upper su rface of this base is an enamel, 2,0f any desired substance adapted to serve as an electric insulator. Within the enamel are embedded the coils of an electric conductor 3 in such manner that all portions of the conductorare completely embedded and are separated from one another, and only the incoming and outgoing connections# and 6 respectively, of the conductor are exposed. To enable such sad-iron to be conveniently used there may be connected to the base an upper shell 6 by means cfa post 7 and screw 8, or by any other desirable means; and to this shell is attached a handle .9 for convenience in manipulating the device.' ri'heincoming and outgoing wire connections 4 ando, may be entered through openings in this shell, as indicated in Fig. 1. If desired a space l0 may 'be left between the `enamel and the upper portion of the shell 6 and this may be filled with asb'estus or any desirable non-conductor Ofheat.

lin the applicatiouof the enamel and elec*- tric conductor it ispreferablc to -iirst spread onv the surface of the object a thin coat .of enamel in soft condition, which is then caused to harden; afterward the coils of the conductor are laid upon this, and next a second coat of enamel in soft condition is spread thereon I and subjected to a sutiieicnt degree of heat to cause' the two coats of enamel to unite and firmly adhere together and to the base. In this manner the several coils of the conductor may be completely 4surrounded and embedded in a compact and integral insulator thatis made to adhere to the surface of the object which carries the conductor.

The method herein referred to of applying the insulator and conductor to the base or body is part of the subject-matter of a concurrently pending application Serial No. 411,832,

filed November 18, 1891, and is reserved to factureof cooking utensils, generally known` as granite-ware. However., I do not regard as equivalents glass or such other vitreous substances as have not the capability of requisite adhesion -to the body Vthey coat,.and the property of expanding and ,contracting insulation.

. with it suliiciently'to .avoid 'breaking of the It will be apparent that while my invention is illustrated only in connection with a sadiron,its principles are applicable to the insulation of electr'c conductors in connection with many other devices. And, hence, I do not wish to confine myself to its application to specic devices,nor to the exact manner, heretofore described, of its'application; but

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In an electro-heating apparatus, the combination, with the heated-surface plate and the resistance, of a coating of enamel or itseqnivalent securing the resistance to, but; ina snlating it from said plate, substantially as set forth.

2. In an electro-heating apparatus, the combination, with the plate to be heated and the resistance, of a coating of adhesive enamel or its equivalent for scouring the resistance t-o, bLt insulating it from said plate, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electrical apparatus, the combination with a supporting body and an electric conductor, of a coating of enamel or its equivalent securingthe conductor to while insulating it from the body, substantially as set forth,

THOMAS E. MORFORD.

Witnesses:

F. W. NEVINS, P. H. GUNCKEL. 

